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專案管理第九章

預留學習空間 （Leave room for learning）

1-      讓計畫內容符合不確定程度：進度表和預算初稿的內容盡量保持簡單、避免過詳細。依照專案階段來分隔進度和預算，其他圖表也是一樣。避免在計畫或圖表中加註多餘當下的資訊。

Match plan details to uncertainty levels: Keep the first drafts of your schedule and budget simple and not very detailed. Divide the timing and budget by phases of the project. The same is true for any graphics. Avoid plans or graphics that indicate a higher level of knowledge than you possess at the moment.

2-      提供範圍：不確定性越高，你的預估範圍就要越廣。當你得到越多資訊，未來能表明的將更為精準，而預估值也能拉近。

Provide ranges: The more uncertain you are, the wider the range of your estimates will be. The more you learn, the more precisely you can project into the future and the more you can narrow your estimates.

3-      排定「階段批准」會議：與管理階層排定他們想要檢視專案的時間。同時確定他們清楚了解，每一次檢視只需對下一個階段的完成做出批准即可。這麼一來，批准第一階段的進行，實際意思可能是：「請在這個議題上研究一番，然後再向我們報告。」批准第二階段的進行，實際意思可能是：「研究這類解決方案，然後再向我們報告。」

Schedule “phase approval” meeting: Work with management to decide when they want to review the project. Make sure they are clear that each approval pertains only to the completion of the next phase. So, approval for the first phase may mean, “Investigate this issue, then com back to us.” A second-phase approval may mean, “ Work on these kinds of solutions, then come back to us.”

Thoughts of Wisdom

所有文件中的細節內容應該要反映出你的知識與確定性程度。

The level of detail in all your documents should reflect your level of knowledge and certainty.